作者：Upton Sinclair 字数：11.3万字

Upton Sinclair, the prolific socialist author who is best-remembered for his groundbreaking 1906 fictional expose of labor abuses and the American meat-packing industry, "The Jungle," began by writing jokes and juvenile adventure stories to finance his education at the City College of New York. Although born to an aristocratic Southern family, Sinclair's father was an alcoholic, so the family's fortunes varied wildly during his youth. A remarkably successful socialist candidate for Governor of California in the 1930s, many of Sinclair's novels revolved around his social concerns.

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